Three-dimensional numerical analysis on combustion performance and flow of hybrid rocket motor with multi-segmented grain

This paper presents the combustion characteristics in hybrid rocket motors with multi-segmented grain through three-dimensional numerical simulations. Multi-segmented grain is composed of several thin grains with two or more ports. The numerical model consists of Navier-Stokes equations with turbulence, solid fuel pyrolysis, chemical reactions, a fluid–solid coupling model and a regression rate model. The simulations adopt 90% Hydrogen Peroxide (HP) and PolyEthylene (PE) as the propellant combination. The effects of the rotation, port number, fuel grain segment number and mid-chamber length on the flow field and combustion performances are analyzed. The results indicate that the multi-segmented grain configuration can strengthen the flow field, and the regression rate and combustion efficiency are enhanced. Take the cases with two grain segments and three ports for example, the regression rate is increased by 32.4%−45.1% and the combustion efficiency increases by 6%−8.6% in different rotation angles.     

基于CH自由基发光的旋流火焰放热率时空特性研究

对不同工况下CH4/air旋流火焰的放热率在时间上的热声振荡现象和空间的三维形态转变两方面进行了研究。在燃烧形态转变方面，由于旋流火焰的复杂流场分布特性，采用基于化学自发光的三维计算层析技术(3D-CTC)，测量了雷诺数从5 000到20 000的三个工况下旋流燃烧的CH*发光三维火焰结构。以此表征放热率的三维分布，实现对旋流火焰放热空间形态的测量。该诊断方法通过对旋流火焰发光在8个视角下的二维成像，结合层析重建算法得到其三维CH*分布信息。为验证重建保真度，将重建后结果二维可视化与高速摄影下的二维时均结果进行对比，结果表明重建误差在5%以内。研究中，分析了不同雷诺数下放热率的空间变化规律，结果显示所有实验工况下放热率的垂直于喷嘴方向的变化程度比沿喷嘴轴向的要剧烈；而随着雷诺数增加，最大的放热区表现出了明显的向后推进趋势。在旋流燃烧的热声振荡方面，利用CH*的二维高速摄影，对旋流燃烧的放热率不稳定性进行研究，发现放热率的振荡频率随着雷诺数的增大逐渐增加。      

GAP/CL-20高能固体推进剂燃烧性能影响因素

采用水下声发射法测试了推进剂静态燃速,用线性回归法计算了推进剂燃速压强指数;研究了GAP/CL-20高能固体推进剂中增塑比及固体组分AP、CL-20、Al粉粒度等配方组成因素对燃烧性能的影响。研究结果表明,增塑比一定范围内的变化不会对推进剂燃烧性能产生显著影响,其燃速和燃速压强指数基本不变;CL-20粒度减小或AP粒度增加均会导致燃速不同程度的降低,Al粒度减小也会使燃速减小,但在达到一定程度后,燃速又增加;推进剂燃速压强指数随CL-20、Al粉粒度减小和AP粒度增加而减小,并对其燃烧性能的影响机制进行了简单分析。     

电机变频控制实现换热器节能的应用研究

结合寒冷地区气候特点与通信机房温控的现状,针对50%浓度乙二醇溶液为工质的换热器,试验研究了自然冷源利用率与换热器自身变频节能的关系。结合乙二醇冷剂的特性,通过建立功率与频率关系模型、温差与功率和频率关系模型,实现了换热器循环泵和风机的变频控制策略。结果表明:在室内外温差、换热功率与循环泵、风机频率同时满足的条件下,以功率模型作为参数进行换热器自身的变频节能是可行的。通过对哈尔滨地区的气候数据与散热房控温试验分析,证明了乙二醇换热器的变频节能效果。     

先进航发旋转雾化喷嘴制造技术

喷射油道是一种高精度旋转雾化喷嘴,其非连续窄深端槽、窄深槽、3/4圆弧窄端槽为行业内少见结构.通过分析喷射油道特有结构的加工工艺,摸索油孔尺寸与燃油流量的匹配关系,解决了非连续深窄端槽、窄深槽、细微孔电火花成形加工、3/4圆弧窄端槽高效数控加工、高精度喷嘴孔流量调试等关键技术瓶颈,具有一定的指导意义和广阔的应用前景.     

人民币汇率制度选择文献综述

人民币汇率制度选择问题一直是我国进行人民币制度建设的核心问题,其关乎着我国货币的主权和金融经济的独立和稳定,更关乎着我国内外经济的均衡和经济的增长。关于人民币汇率制度选择这一命题,国内外学者作了大量的研究,对这些学者的研究成果进行梳理,有助于我们更好地研究人民币汇率制度选择问题,从而整体把握人民币汇率制度。     

中国当务之急应转变负利率

我国目前利率水平低于CPI涨幅,处于负利率状态,负利率正在使居民的消费能力下降,财富缩水,扭曲资本的市场化配置功能,加剧通货膨胀预期,更造成社会资金一定程度的错配,助长资产泡沫。通过分析负利率的成因和负面影响,提出可提高定期存款利率、稳定物价和转变经济增长模式来消除负利率。     

壳体内腔大深度T型刀加工方案分析

对于外形、内腔结构复杂,零件体积大,材料去除率高等特点的壳体,锻件加工要求所编制的数控程序异常复杂,数据庞大,手工编程难以编制程序。采用UGCAM作为编程手段,利用3维实体辅助编程技术解决此类问题。     

Subsidence rate monitoring of Aghajari oil field based on Differential SAR Interferometry

Land subsidence, due to natural or anthropogenic processes, causes significant costs in both economic and structural aspects. That part of subsidence observed most is the result of human activities, which relates to underground exploitation. Since the gradual surface deformation is a consequence of hydrocarbon reservoirs extraction, the process of displacement monitoring is amongst the petroleum industry priorities. Nowadays, Differential SAR Interferometry, in which satellite images are utilized for elevation change detection and analysis – in a millimetre scale, has proved to be a more real-time and cost-effective technology in contrast to the traditional surveying method. In this study, surface displacements in Aghajari oil field, i.e. one of the most industrious Iranian hydrocarbon sites, are being examined using radar observations. As in a number of interferograms, the production wells inspection reveals that surface deformation signals develop likely due to extraction in a period of several months. In other words, different subsidence or uplift rates and deformation styles occur locally depending on the geological conditions and excavation rates in place.